출처:oie.hr
요즘, there is almost no place on Earth that is not affected by climate change. Flash floods, erosions, storms, droughts, heat waves, and fires are becoming more frequent. In addition to these extreme weather difficulties, Croatia is also threatened by rising sea levels, which is a threat to our coastal cities, and due to the increase in seawater temperature, we are also threatened by sea 산성화.
트로기르, 소스 픽사베이
According to the European Environment Agency (EEA) report, Croatia is one of the three European countries that suffer the highest cumulative share of damages from extreme weather and climate conditions, which result in a decrease in the gross national product (GNP).
기후 변화 및 농업
가뭄 in the 여름 months are the biggest cause of damage to Croatian agriculture, and in the period from 2013 to 2016, they caused losses of 400 million euros, i.e. 43 percent of the subsidies paid to agriculture in that same period. The total reported damage from 2013 to 2018 amounted to around 1.8 billion euros, and during 2014 and 2015 the losses reached a record height: 2 billion euros 에서 2014 및 830 백만 유로 에서 2015.
그것 is estimated that the yields of agricultural crops in Croatia will decrease by 3-8 percent by the year 2050 because of changeing climate conditions. Changes in the phenological phases of fruit and vegetable crops (apples, vines, olives, corn…) are already visible in Slavonia and Dalmatia, where vegetation starts earlier and lasts shorter, that ultimately ends up with a decrease in total yields. 부족 의 수분 에서 그의 토양 및 증가 공기 온도 안에 오는 기간 의지 될 둘 주요한 문제 안에 농업's 싸움 반대 기후 변화. 이 아마도 수단 농업 및 민물 어류 농사짓기 의지 고통받을 그의 최대한 피해 from the 결과 의 기후 변화.
여전히, there is a way that agriculture can be sustainable even in the conditions of climate change – agrivoltaic solution. Research results show that installing solar panels on top of agricultural crops brings multiple benefits to farmers. Protected by the solar panels, agricultural crops grow undisturbed and give stable yields, while additional income is generated via the production of electricity. It was observed that, with the application of agrivoltaic, the yields of some crops have increase compared to the same cultivation of that agricultural crop without the protection of solar panels.
이 솔루션 어느 결합 농업 및 에너지 is already being used around the world, and numerous studies on its effectiveness, even in areas with extremely high temperatures such as Saudi Arabia, have produced excellent results.
Agrivoltaics bring only profit
설치 농업용 의지 제공 농업용 농작물 얻기 많이 더 나은 보호 from hail, heavy storms, and direct solar radiation, research shows. 그들은 제공 with the amount of light sufficient for photosynthesis, while on the other hand, 증가 증발 의 물 from the soil is prevented, which enables growth and yield stability. it is important to note that the construction of agrivoltaic does not reduce the size of areable land.
그만큼 전문가 의 그 RESC 실무 그룹 포인트 아웃 그 그 농업 부자 지역 의 슬라보니아, 바노비나, 및 이스트리아 가지다 더 보다 2,500 MW of free capacity on the power grid, which means that the installation of agrivoltaic is not only logical but also necessary in order for these fertile regions and their farmers to achieve multiple benefits. 방해받지 않는 식량 생산 아래 보호 의 태양열 패널 저것 생성 깨끗한, 안전한, 국내 에너지 할 수 있는 활성화 a 빠른 경로 to 자급자족.
출처: Pixabay and BayWa r.e.
배치 태양열 패널 on the surface of the lake for fish farming enables better management of the pond, which results in less depletion of water in the breeding grounds, reduced evaporation of natural water reservoirs, and improvement environmental protection by removing impurities created here. In addition, solar panels protect fish from cormorants and generate income from electricity production. 대부분 의 의 담수 연못 저것 크로아티아 상속된 에서 그의 이전 상태 아레 위치 인 Bjelovar-Bilogora County, which would profit highly by developing agrivoltaic plants on the ponds as well as on agricultural land.
Agrivoltaics in the world and the European Union
If agrivoltaics were used on just 1 percent of 경작할 수 있는 land in Europe, their capacity would be more than 900 GW, which is 6 times more than the current installed photovoltaic capacity in the EU, according to a study by SolarPowerEurope.
In countries that are leaders in European agricultural production, mainly France, Germany, and Spain, but also geographically closer to Croatia – Austria, Italy, Hungary, and Serbia – there are already examples of agrivoltaic applications. 그들 그들은 동행 by the necessary adjustments to legislation in order to apply them as quickly and efficient as possible. In France, a presidential recognition and encouragement have been awarded, after president Emmanuel Macron said agrivoltaics will become one of the main pillars of France's energy system.
출처: BayWa r.e. and Serres Eyragues
중 테스트 in 독일, the concept of growing wheat and potatoes proved to be economically profitable in a very short time, and now a new pilot project is underway where agrivoltaics are being tested in orchards with organic apples. in Italy, excellent results were registered in olive groves.
그것은 is important that Croatian legislation enables agricultural producers to use agrivoltaic because it gives Croatia the opportunity to be competitive in the common European market.
수정안 to the Law on Agricultural Land, which entered into force in May 2022, Article 31 refers to the lease of state-owned agricultural land. Paragraph 30 of that Article says: "The lessee may, in accordance with the applicable spatial plan, and with the consent of the Ministry, set up infrastructure for the production of green energy on part of the state-leased agricultural land for the purpose of increasing profitability. " 그 규정 should promptly be revised in a way that will enable and simplify the application of agrivoltaic, thus ensureing agricultural and energy welfare on the same area.
RESC 또한 결정 to 기여 to the process of understanding the measures on how to reduce the negative impact of climate change on agriculture. This year the EBRD approved the financing of the 연구 에 에 의 잠재적 의 사용 태양열 에너지 에서 농업 및 담수 어류 농업 부문 에서 크로아티아, as a continuation of the successful cooperation. RESC involved top experts in the making of this study.
출처: AgriSolar Clearinghouse
좋음 연습 예시 in other countries show it clearly that only enabling the use of agrivoltaic at their full potential brings a complete result. Agrivoltaics enable undisturbed agricultural production, protection against climate change, and increase income through the sale of electricity.